Brick-kiln



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

L. SIMPSON.

BRICK KILN.

I No. 349,756. Patented Sept, 28, 188

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3 Sheets -Sheet 3,

(No Model.)

SIMPSON.

BRICK KILN.

gatented Sep 28, 1

N. PEJEBS Phnlo-Liihognphar, Washlnslcn. RC. I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LENOX-SIMPSON, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 349,756, datedSeptember 28, 1886.

' Application filed April 9,1886. Serial No. 198,379. (No model.)

BRICK- KILN.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LENOX SIMPSON, a citi-- zen of the United States,residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inBrick-Kilns, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

In my application for Letters Patent for improvement in kilns, filedJanuary 27 1886, Serial No. 189,980, I described a kiln provided with acombnstion-chamber situated above the heating or burning chamber, and soseparated from the latter as to prevent the flame and products ofcombustion from coming in direct conact with the brick or other articlesburned. In said form of kiln more than half the time required tocomplete the burn is occupied in driving off the moisture contained inthe green brick. Those brick lying near the bottom of the kiln are slowto feel the efi'ects of the heat, and consequently a considerablygreater space of time is occupied in burning than I deem necessary.

The object of this invention is to facilitate the burning of the brickby applying the heat at the bottom, (as well as the top',) while at thesame time the flames and products of combus tion are prevented fromcoming in contact with the brick.

The invention consists in the means hereinafter described for attainingsaid object.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal sectionof'the kiln; Fig. 2, a vertical transverse section of same, and Fig. 3 ahorizontal section.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts. 1 I v A isthe kiln, provided with an arched top, a, forming a combustion-chamber,within which are consumed the gases and waste products from the fires.

B B are two bridge-walls situated a short distance from each end of thekiln, and extending vertically upward almost or quite to the spring ofthe arch.

b are zigzag air-passages connecting at the bottom with the outer air,and having 'vents at the tops of the bridge-walls.

(l and D are fire-places situated at the opposite ends of the kilnsbelow the level of the kiln-floor. The fire-places 0 connect with fluesc, which lie beneath the kiln-floor and open into the space between thebridge-wall B and the end of the kiln. The fire-places D connect withtitles d, (similar to fines 0,) which open into the space between thebridge-wall B and the adjacent end wall of the kiln. The fiues c and dalternate, the object being to produce, as near as possible, the sameheat throughout the whole extent of the kiln-floor.

It will be seen that by the foregoing construction of kiln the fireencircles the brick without passing through them at any point. The brickare consequently unaffected by the sulphur and other impuritiescontained in the fuel, and at the same time there is a completeconsumption of fuel and increased economyin the use of the latter; also,by this arrangement the brick are dried off and burned evenly in a shorttime.

E is the stack, connecting by means of throat e with the interior of thecombustionchamber, and e is a damper in the stack-flue,'by means ofwhich the draft is regulated.

' The operation is as follows: The kiln is filled as high as the top ofthe bridge-walls with brick arranged in the ordinary manner. Upon thetop of the brick I prefer to place a layer of fire-brick or tile, toprotect the greenv brick from the direct action of the flame. The firesare then lighted and the brick slowly dried off. When this has beenthoroughly done, the heat is gradually increased until the brick havereached a proper temperature, when the fires are drawn and the dampers,fire-places, and air-fines closed. The brick are then allowed to slowlycool. Vhile the brick are being dried off, the air-fines remain closed;but when the heat is raised the fines are opened sufficiently wide tocause complete combustion of the gases,

&c.

I am aware that fire-fines have been used at the bottom and sides ofbrick-kilns; but they have been perforated to let the products of 95combustion circulate through the bricks, while it is my especial objectto prevent this, for rea sons before stated.

' Having thus described my invention, what I I claim as new, and desireto protect by Letters Patent, is

1. A brick-kiln provided with imperforate flues leading from thefire-places through the floor of the kiln and behind imperforatebridgewalls at the end of the kiln, whereby the products of combustioncannot pass through the B B, pfevided with zi za air- )assa es and 10 a:g 1 a 9 bricks. stack E, having damper: 6, {LS and for the pur- 2. Thecombination, in a briek-ki1n,Wit-h the poses described.

5 brick-chamber and a superposed combustien- 1 LENOX SIMPSON.

chamber, of an intermediate layer of fire-brick \Vitnesses:

or tile, as and for the purpose specified. WV. D. THOMAS,

bustion-chamber, fire-places C D, bridge-walls 3. The kiln A, providedwith arched com- J. A. KURTZ.

